Visit the Galápagos island of Española between December to April, and you may witness one of the most extraordinary courtship rituals in the natural world. Each spring, nearly the entire global population of waved albatrosses—tens of thousands of birds—returns to this remote island to reunite with lifelong partners, raise a single chick, and perform a mating dance so intricate and theatrical that it feels choreographed by nature itself. With wingspans stretching up to eight feet, these are the largest birds in the Galápagos, yet their grace in the air contrasts beautifully with their endearing awkwardness on land. For travelers, seeing them here—on the only major breeding ground they have left—is nothing short of magical.
A Date With the Albatross: When to Plan Your Trip
The waved albatrosses follow a strict seasonal rhythm, and timing your visit is essential.
Late March – April (Arrival): The birds return to their only major breeding site on Española Island. Males typically arrive first to claim nesting spots, followed shortly by females.
April – June (Courtship & Egg Laying): This is the peak time to witness their famous courtship dance, which involves bill-clapping, bowing, and honking. Most eggs are laid during this window.
June – August (Incubation): Parents take turns incubating a single large egg for about two months. You can see many birds sitting on nests during this time.
August – November (Chick Rearing): Chicks hatch and are fed a nutrient-rich oily substance by their parents. By late in this period, large, fluffy, brown chicks are visible across the colony.
December – early January (Fledging & Departure): Young birds take their first flights, often wobbling to the cliffs for take-off. By mid-January, the colony is usually deserted as they head to the coasts of Ecuador and Peru
We were at the Waved Albatross nests on Española Island (specifically at Punta Suarez) at the end of December. We not only saw the young chicks learning to fly, but also saw the courtship dance (Vidoe below)
Choosing the Right Cruise: Why an Eastern Itinerary Matters
Because waved albatrosses breed only on Española Island, your cruise route determines whether you’ll see them at all.
The landing at Punta Suárez is rugged and dramatic, with blowholes, cliffs, and colonies of seabirds swirling overhead. But nothing prepares you for the moment you see your first albatross waddling across the lava rock, its oversized bill and blue‑tinted feet giving it a charmingly awkward elegance.
Meet the Waved Albatross: The Ocean’s Master Glider
The waved albatross (Phoebastria irrorata) is a study in contrasts—both powerful and delicate, comical and majestic.
Wingspan: Up to 2.5 meters (8 feet), the largest in the Galápagos
Appearance: White head with a creamy yellow crown and neck, chestnut‑brown body, white underwings, and a long, dull‑yellow bill
Namesake: The subtle wave‑like pattern on the adults’ wings
Lifestyle: Exceptional gliders, spending years at sea without touching land
Diet: Fish, squid, and invertebrates—often scavenged near fishing boats or stolen from boobies
Despite their size, they move with surprising grace in the air, riding ocean winds for hours without flapping. On land, however, they transform into endearing, slightly clumsy characters—true to the Spanish root of “bobo,” meaning “foolish,” a name shared with their booby neighbors.
The Courtship Dance: One of Nature’s Most Theatrical Rituals
If there is one wildlife behavior that defines the waved albatross, it is their courtship dance—a ritual so intricate and expressive that it feels choreographed.
Pairs face each other, leaving just enough space to stretch their long necks. Then the performance begins:
Bill circling
Bill clacking
Hollow wooden tapping sounds
Exaggerated head sways
Honking
Bowing
A waddle that borders on comedic
And the occasional cow‑like “moo”
For new pairs or those that failed to breed the previous year, the dance can last hours—sometimes days. It is a test of compatibility, trust, and lifelong partnership.
Because waved albatrosses are monogamous, this ritual is not just courtship—it is a reaffirmation of a bond that may last decades.
Life on Española: Nesting, Parenting, and the Long Journey Ahead
Once bonded, the pair lays a single egg directly on bare ground. They take turns incubating it for nearly two months. After hatching:
Chicks join “nursery groups” while parents forage
Adults return to feed them a nutrient‑rich oily liquid
Young albatrosses fledge at around 5.5 months
They then spend up to six years at sea before returning to Española to find a mate
With only one chick per year and threats from fishing, pollution, and habitat changes, the species remains vulnerable—making every successful breeding season a triumph.
Baby Albatross
Why Española Is the Only Place to See Them
Nearly the entire global population—estimated at 50,000–70,000 individuals—returns to Española each year. A tiny secondary colony exists on Isla de la Plata off mainland Ecuador, but with fewer than 20 breeding pairs, Española remains the heart of the species.
This exclusivity makes your visit feel even more special. You’re not just seeing a bird—you’re witnessing a species in its ancestral home, performing rituals unchanged for millennia.
Final Thoughts: A Wildlife Encounter Worth Crossing Oceans For
Standing on the cliffs of Española, watching thousands of waved albatrosses reunite, dance, nest, and soar, you feel the pulse of the Galápagos in its purest form. It’s a reminder of how fragile and extraordinary these islands are—and why they continue to inspire travelers, naturalists, and storytellers alike.
If your Galápagos journey is about connection, wonder, and witnessing nature at its most theatrical, then timing your trip to meet the waved albatross is an experience you’ll never forget.
Boobies—named after the Spanish word bobo—meaning “clumsy”—boobies earned their name from their slightly awkward, waddling gait on land. The Galapagos Islands are home to three different species of boobies, which include the blue-footed, red-footed, and Nazca boobies. Each species possesses its own remarkable traits and behaviors, making them a highlight for wildlife enthusiasts. Their unique coloring not only helps in distinguishing between the species but also plays a role in courtship displays, where vivid colors attract mates and signify health. Observing these dazzling birds in their natural habitat provides a rare glimpse into their daily lives, from their fascinating mating rituals to their playful interactions with one another. It is well worth the journey to the Enchanted Isles of the Galapagos to witness these fascinating and captivating species found throughout the archipelago, which bring vibrancy and life to the rugged landscapes, enhancing the overall allure of this UNESCO World Heritage site.
Punta Pitt, located on San Cristóbal Island, is an iconic destination in the Galápagos, known for being the only place where you can observe all three species of boobies: the blue-footed booby, the red-footed booby, and the Nazca booby. This site, with its unique biodiversity and stunning landscapes, attracts nature and wildlife enthusiasts, making it a must-see stop for anyone visiting the archipelago.
The Three Boobies of Punta Pitt
Because of its unique geographical location and abundant food supply, these species coexist without competition, each utilizing a different nesting niche
Blue-footed Boobies: Typically nest further inland on the ground, away from the cliffs.
Red-footed Boobies: The rarest of the three in the archipelago, they are uniquely distinguished by their ability to nest in trees and shrubs, such as Palo Santo.
Nazca Boobies: Also known as Masked Boobies, they prefer nesting directly along the cliff edges
Visiting Punta Pitt
How to Get There: You can visit via a Galápagos cruise or a day tour departing from Puerto Baquerizo Moreno on San Cristóbal. The boat ride takes approximately 1.5 to 2 hours each way. The cruise we were on had a planned stop at Punta Pitt in the late afternoon, when the birds were returning home after a day at sea. We got to see all 3 bobbies here, but the red-footed booby was definitely the highlight.
The Experience: Most tours involve a wet landing on an “olivine” beach (greenish-tinted sand) inhabited by a bachelor colony of sea lions. From there, you’ll hike a steep, rocky trail (approx. 1.5–2 hours) to reach the clifftop nesting sites.
Best Time to Visit: While wildlife is present year-round, June to November is generally the best period to see booby mating displays and peak nesting activity.
Red Footed Bobby(Sula sula)
The red-footed booby is the tiniest of the boobies found on Galapagos, and it quickly proves that the nickname only tells half the story. The smallest of the Galápagos boobies is also the most agile: capable of soaring more than 90 miles over open ocean, diving up to 130 feet for fish, and using its vivid red webbed feet to propel itself underwater with surprising speed. Unlike most web-footed birds, red-footed boobies perch in trees and shrubs, giving them a unique silhouette against the island vegetation. Travelers can spot them at Punta Pitt on San Cristóbal and in large colonies on Genovesa Island, two of the best wildlife-viewing sites in the archipelago.
Blue footed Booby (Sula nebouxii)
The most iconic of the trio, the blue-footed booby also carries the “bobo” name thanks to its comical walk—but its brilliant turquoise feet are anything but silly. Their color comes from a carotenoid-rich diet, and during courtship, those feet become the star of an elaborate mating dance. Males lift each foot in an exaggerated strut, showing off their brightest blues; females respond by mirroring the steps, followed by bill clacking and whistles if they approve. Beyond their charm, blue-footed boobies are extraordinary hunters, spotting fish from high above and plunging into the water at speeds approaching 60 mph. Because they have no natural predators in the Galápagos, they’re wonderfully unbothered by humans and can be seen on nearly every major island—a delight for photographers and wildlife lovers alike.
Nazca Booby (Sula granti)
The largest of the Galápagos boobies, the Nazca booby also inherited the “bobo” nickname for its land-bound awkwardness, though its sleek white plumage, orange bill, and black-tipped wings give it a striking, almost regal presence. This species is best known for a dramatic behavior called obligate siblicide: parents lay two eggs, but only the stronger chick survives, ensuring that enough resources are available for one healthy fledgling. Despite this harsh strategy, Nazca boobies are captivating to watch as they glide effortlessly over the ocean and nest in dense colonies along the cliffs. They are most commonly seen on Punt Pitt, Genovesa Island, and Española Island, where visitors can observe their nesting sites up close along marked trails.
Final thoughts
In a place as wild and wondrous as the Galápagos, the boobies embody everything that makes these islands unforgettable—quirky charm, fearless curiosity, and evolutionary brilliance on full display. Whether it’s the red-footed booby perched improbably in a shrub, the blue-footed booby performing its turquoise‑footed dance, or the regal Nazca booby guarding its cliffside nest, each species offers a glimpse into the archipelago’s untamed spirit. Spotting even one is a delight but encountering all three feels like a true Galápagos rite of passage. For travelers who come seeking wildlife encounters found nowhere else on Earth, the boobies are a joyful reminder of why these Enchanted Isles continue to inspire wonder long after the journey ends.
Costa Rica… a paradise of lush rainforests, golden beaches, and vibrant biodiversity, where nature lovers and thrill-seekers alike find their haven. Here, travelers can immerse themselves in the lively streets of San José, filled with rich history, bustling markets, and welcoming locals. Or, venture beyond the capital into the heart of the country’s breathtaking wilderness—where towering volcanoes, misty cloud forests, and exotic wildlife create a mesmerizing world waiting to be explored.
Costa Rica’s magic is undeniable—from the dazzling Pacific and Caribbean coastlines to the serene beauty of its national parks, home to sloths, toucans, and colorful frogs. Whether riding the waves in Tamarindo, ziplining through Monteverde’s treetops, or savoring the country’s renowned coffee, every moment here is an invitation to adventure and relaxation. Pura vida is more than a saying—it’s a way of life that welcomes visitors with open arms and unforgettable experiences.
Costa Rica is located in Central America, connecting North and South America. It borders Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south.
The country is divided into seven provinces – San José (capital), Alajuela, Cartago, Heredia, Puntarenas, Guanacaste and Limón) and most popular destination include : San Jose, La Fortuna, Monteverde, Tamarindo, Nosara, Samara, Jaco, Manuel Antonio, Uvita, Drake Bay (See the map below)
Costa Rica doesn’t have an army as of Dec. 1, 1948 and very stable democratic country.
Official language- Spanish
Official currency- Colón (plural colones) (¢)
Where to fly?
There are 2 main airports and few small local airports –
SJO Aeropuerto Internacional Juan Santamaría – In San Jose (Capital)Juan Santamaría International Airport (Code: SJO) is the country’s main airport, located in Alajuela.
Daniel Oduber International Airport in Liberia (Code: LIR) good airport for travelling Guanacaste, Monteverde and La Fortuna
Places to go in Costa Rica
Costa Rica has so many places that you will be overwhelmed to choose one or two places to visit. I found Costa Rica might be a place we will have to visit more than once to cover the entire country. If you just want to see our itinerary, check here .
Even though a small country, it takes long time to travel from place to place due to mountainous, curvy, single lane roads. For instance, to travel from La Fortuna to Manuel Antonio, it took us almost 6 hours and it is 136 miles (218 km) apart and we were told that we were lucky that it took us only that much time (Hotel staff estimated anywhere between 6-9 hours). Keeping this in mind, we decided to choose 2 places to visit for our first trip- La Fortuna and Manuel Antonio (2 green flags on the map above)
Most popular locations include:
Central Costa Rica – Culture and nature
San Jose – Culture, Museum, Airport, Restaurants
Poas volcano: most visited volcano in the Central Valley. Good stopping point between San Jose and La Fortuna
La Paz Waterfalls : La Paz Waterfall Garden is the another popular stop between San Jose and La Fortuna. This park has 5 waterfalls and an animal sanctuary.
Northern costa Rica – Outdoor adventure and Wild animals
La Fortuna / Monteverde – Best place for outdoor adventures
Distance from airport: Both San Jose airport and Liberia airport are about 2-3 hours.
Most people choose either La Fortuna or Monteverde for rainforest experience and some people do both places to experience rainforest and cloud forest (The cities are 80 miles apart). It takes about 5-6 hours to get to Monteverde from La Fortuna as you have either take a ferry to cross Lake Arenal or drive around Lake Arenal. This is the info from costa Rica Travel blog and if you want to include both La Fortuna and Monteverde in your travels, please check out this blog for details of travel between the two cities.
Rio Celeste – Another great place to visit near La Fortuna with a blue waterfall and lots of wild life. My review of this place is here
We dedicated day 5 for the long drive from La Fortuna to Manuel Antonio. There is not too much to do between these places other than stopping at Sarchi (https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/colorful-oxcarts-costa-rica) to visit the last factory that makes Ox Cart. We stopped at the Río Tárcoles Crocodile Bridge which is near Jaco, and you can see lots of crocodiles in the river. There are few shops and restaurants here and it’s a good place to stretch your legs.
Guanacaste - Beaches, Surfing lessons,
Some popular spots in this area include Gulf of Papagayo, Tamarindo, Playa Conchal and Ricon De la Vieja National park- famous for natural hot springs and mud baths.
Nicoya Peninsula– Pristine beaches and yoga retreats
Santa Teresa– Beautiful beaches that are great for surfing. This town along with Malpais and Montezuma are in the blue zone where longevity of people is very high.
Playa Samara- Lovely beach town and famous for horse riding. Popular place for expats.
Nosara – Epicenter of Yoga retreats and epitome of Pura Vida lifestyle.
Osa Peninsula– Nature lovers and Photographers dream
Remote part of the Costa Rica on the pacific side and hence less touristy but home to Corcovado National Park which has 13 types of ecosystems and has amazing wildlife with over 40 species of frogs, 25 lizard’s species, crocodiles and 400 bird species. This is next my list to visit when we go back to Costa Rica
Drake Bay – Stunning destination for all water related actives including Snorkeling, Kayaking, scuba diving etc. Also great place for bird watching and hiking
Uvita– Famous for “The whale tail beach” as well as tropical rain forest. Good place to see humpback whales and other activities including waterfall visit, horseback riding etc.
CaribbeanCoast – Less touristy and chill vibe
Not as popular as the pacific coast , Carribean coast has its own vibe and blend of Latin and Carribean cultures. Some of the popular spots include :
Puerto Viejo – known for its stunning beaches, abundant wildlife and delicious food, this town gives the laid back feel that Caribbeans are known for. You can also visit Cahuita National Park to see monkeys, Sloths and birds.
Tortuguero National park– Located on the northeast side of the Caribbean coast, this national park is one of the best places in the world to see Giant Green Sea Turtles lay their eggs and to watch as the baby turtles hatch and make their way to the sea during the turtle season (June to October).
Some practical Information
Best season to visit is during dry season from December to April. We went at the end of December and still got rain almost every day for at least couple of hours.
Caribbean coast has very different season and less developed. Good time to see turtles hatching is between July to October
Nature and wildlife- Hiring guides help to see more animals but I also found that by paying attention to little noises (ruffling of leaves) or just looking up to the treetops helps a lot.
Tico time- Pack lot of patience. The Pura Vida life style is followed on the roads too. Driving from one location to another takes longer than you think due to one lane roads and getting behind slow moving trucks.
Popular locations such as La Fortuna, Manuel Antonio are very well connected but if you plan to go to remote locations such as Drake Bay, do some research.
Colones and dollars are accepted every where but it might be cheaper to use colones
Some essential things to pack- Dry bag or waterproof pouch, Light rain jacket, Water sandals or shoes, Bug spray, Binoculars, Sunscreen.
Like any other place, there are pick pocketers, and thieves that take your stuff if you leave it alone. Lock your vehicles and hide your valuables.
Chachagua Rainforest Hotel and Hot Springs located between the Children’s Eternal Rainforest and the Arenal Volcano National Park and is off the beaten path but still an amazing place to stay. We spent 4 nights during Christmas break and loved the room, the grounds, and over all ambience of the place.
Only con is that it is about 20 min from La Fortuna town and if you don’t have your own car, you are stuck eating in-house restaurant food for the length of your stay. The food is not bad but limited as they try to do as much farm to table type with the fresh fruits and vegetables grown in their farm. Unlike the hotels in the town, you can’t walk or Uber to a local Soda/ restaurant and taking a cab is bit on expensive side( $50-80).
The property has 28 bungalows and feels like a mix of rainforest and tropical garden, and I could not stop taking pictures of beautiful flowers and birds that fed on them. There is a river running through the middle of the property which adds to the serenity of the hotel. The hotel has about 3-4 small thermal pools fed by volcanic hot water an additional plus for the place. The thermal pools are not as hot as the pools near the volcano but warm enough to relax after a long day of hiking.
Welcome cocktailShampoo Ginger
The hotel sits on 94 hectares of rainforest, and it is isolated and unspoiled. This hotel was featured in 1000 places to see before you die by Patricia Shultz, and we felt like it was one the best hotel we stayed. The hotel also has its own waterfall, and I spent every morning just admiring the calmness and setting of this waterfall. There are tons of hiking paths, and you can watch birds, monkeys, and sloths on the property.
The Bungalows: Most of the rooms are 1-bedroom bungalows with the porch in the front. The individual bungalows are surrounded by trees and bushes and connected by walking paths and are very private. The porch has a hammock, a sofa with coffee table, and built in wooden table and stools. If you decide to get a massage or facial, they bring the massage table to the porch, and you can get a massage in the tranquility of rain forest. We stayed in room 107 and felt like we were cocooned in our own rainforest. Some of the bigger bungalows have plunge pool and jacuzzi tubs.
Massage set up on the porchMassage on the porch with real rainforest sounds Walkways connecting bungalows.
Night walk and Bullet ants– We did nigh walk on the property where we were able to see various kinds of frogs, toads, turtles, sleeping hummingbird, but what we didn’t expect to see was Bullet ants. Bullet ants are named after its powerful and potent sting that feels like being shot, and they are also called “hormiga veinticuatro” or “24 (hour) ant” by the locals, referring to the 24 hours of pain that follow being stung by one of these ants. There were tons of these ants roaming around lake, on fences and our guide warned us not to lean on anything. Thankfully nobody was bit, but presence of these ants added to mystery of the night. Bullet ants are 4 times the size of regular ant and are nocturnal.
Night walk ToadBullet antSleeping butterfly
Birds and working farm – One of my favorite memories of this hotel is waking up in the morning and looking out of the window to see a hummingbird feeding on heliconia flower. This happened pretty much every day and the hotels has tons of hummingbirds that feed on the tropical flowers on the property. On my morning hike every day, I would spend some time watching birds including Toucans. The last day, we decided to check out the cocoa and coffee farm where they teach how to make coffee and cocoa. I wish I had ventured out to this place earlier on our stay. Since this is a working farm, there are tons of fruit trees and Toucans and Aracari’s hanging out here feeding on the fruits. It is few steps from the waterfall and definitely worth checking out both for the cooking class as well as for birds.
Toucan in flightFarm on the Chachagua hotelSugar Cane juice maker
Ceiba Tree– Hiking within the property, there are signs for Ceiba tree which is well worth the visit. It’s a giant tree that stands tall among the rainforest trees and after visiting the tree, I did some research and found out that this tree is the national tree of Guatemala and has significant place in both Mayan and African cultures.
Ceiba Tree on Chachagua Ceiba Tree on Chachagua
Called as the First Tree or Green Tree in Mayan language (Yax Che), according to Maya mythology, Ceiba tree the symbol of the universe. The tree signified a route of communication between the three levels of earth. Its roots were said to reach down into the underworld, its trunk represented the middle world where the humans live, and its canopy of branches arched high in the sky symbolized the upper world and the thirteen levels in which the Maya heaven was divided (Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/ceiba-pentandra-sacred-tree-maya-171615).
Food and Drinks – Since we didn’t rent a car, we ended up eating at the Colibri restaurant on site which was pretty decent albeit limited selection. There was live music every day and we enjoyed ordering Tikki drinks just to see how many different kinds of cups we get.
Final Thoughts:
All in all, staying at Chachagua Rainforest Hotel and Spa was an amazing experience. I loved the cozy, private bungalows, and numerous hiking trails as well as the river and waterfall. The staff was very pleasant and helpful, and organized all the acuities including ziplining, hike to Rio Celeste, and white-water rafting through the hotel and had a great time.
Some more random pictures taken from the hike on the property:
We spent 9 days in Costa Rica dividing our time between La Fortuna rainforest/volcano area and Manuel Antonio-pacific beach town. We got to see tons of animals during our stay and on our guided hikes to National parks and night walks. I was amazed by the variety of birds, lizards, flowers, and monkeys you can see as well as the way Costa Ricans have preserved the nature and its diversity. Costa Rica is one country where I found my iPhone camera isn’t enough to capture all the colors and vibrancy of nature.
These are some of the things that fascinated me during our stay:
Leaf Cutter Ants- Nature’s farmers that grow Fungai
First time I saw these little ants carrying the leaves was on a zip lining trip in La Fortuna and someone pointed them out to me. I was amazed by these ants carrying as much 50 times their weight in leaves as if to prepare an amazing salad. I read about them after coming back to hotel and spent next couples of hikes actively looking for them. Next to the human society, leaf cutter ants have most complex society with caste system and are the best farmers after us.
Leafcutter ants don’t eat the leaves they carry but use leaves as their fertilizer to grow their fungal gardens. These ants act as true gardeners by providing the fungus with freshly cut leaves, protecting them from pests and molds, and clearing them of decayed material and garbage. In return, the fungus acts as a food source for the ants’ larvae. Ants are very sensitive to the needs of these fungi and change up the leaf if the Fungai don’t like it as a food source. This symbiotic relationship also benefits from a bacterium that grows on the ant’s bodies and secretes antimicrobials, which the ants use to protect their fungi. You can read more about these amazing insects here .
Leaf Cutter ants
Sloth and its symbiotic relationship with algae and moth
Most people who go to Costa Rica want to see sloths which are the national animal and symbol of Costa Rica. We were able to see Sloths in a few places both in La Fortuna and in the Parador resort at Manuel Antonio which had a resident sloth named Valentina that hung out by the pool on the mango tree with her baby.
Valentina-the 2 toed sloth and her baby at Parador Resort in Manuel AntonioRandom 3-toed sloth on the way to hanging bridge
Although pretty common in Costa Rica, Sloths are not easy to spot. We were able to see 3-toed sloths in La Fortuna area during daytime while we saw nocturnal 2 t0ed sloths in Manuel Antonio Park. We weren’t able to spot first few until the guides pointed out but after a week, we got pretty good at spotting them especially on certain tress where they inhabit. As a slow-moving animal, sloths have developed a good camouflage technique that makes them hard to find. Sloths have a specialized fur coat that is covered in tiny grooves, providing the perfect environment for green algae to grow. This green alga acts as a natural camouflage, allowing the sloth to blend seamlessly with the surrounding green leaves of rain forest. This camouflage not only helps sloths hide but also provides a source of nutrients as these sloths often lick their fur, eating the algae, which provides them with essential vitamins and minerals.
Spot the slothSpot the sloth
Hermit hummingbird and false bird of paradise/ Heliconiaflower
One of my favorite memories from Costa Rica was waking up on day 1 in the rain forest bungalow and looking out of the window to see a hummingbird feeding on a flower. The Chachagua Rainforest hotel where we stayed had beautiful gardens and tons of hummingbirds but every morning, the one hummingbird came back to feed on the same flower. Until we went on hike to Rio Celeste and Naturalist guide explained relationship between the hummingbird and this particular flower, I finally understood the reason.
The false bird of paradise is called Heliconia and Green hermit hummingbirds have a symbiotic relationship, and this relationship is a great example of the fine tuning of coevolution between plants and its pollinators. The green hermit hummingbirds have curved bill that mimics the shape of the flower of Heliconia. Only after being pollinated by these long-billed birds, the Heliconia plant begins to reproduce. The plant accepts pollen only from birds with bills that match the shape of its flowers. It seems like the long-billed birds and long-flowered plants evolved to fit each other. Isn’t nature full of surprises? You want to read more about this symbiotic relationship, you can check out this article.
Red eyed tree frog
Red eye tree frog is the most iconic symbol of Costa Rica and you will see on any books or items related to Costa Rica. I thought it would be easy to see these frogs as everyone posts beautiful pictures of them but our first night walk in La Fortuna, we didn’t see any red eyed tree frogs. I was determined to see them before we left Costa Rica and we did another night walk at the Parador nature resort. As soon as we reached the pond area, the guide said you are in luck as he can hear the mating call of the frog but after 30 minutes searching, we didn’t find any even though we knew they were close by but well hidden in the trees.
As much as you can easily recognize these frogs with their large red eyes and bright green skin, they are hard to spot. The bright green color of the skin easily blends with the surrounding and when frightened they close their eyes and perfectly blend on the green rain forest leaves and surface. The large red eyes of these frogs also help them to see in low light conditions. Additionally, the red eyes can help to startle predators and give these frogs a chance to escape. Our guide was finally able to spot one on our way back from the night walk and I was able to finally capture the picture of this iconic frog.
Halloween Crabs
These crabs go by various names including red land crab, white spot crab, moon crab etc and usually have some combination of red, orange, purple, black, and or blue. When every animal in rainforest is trying to blend with its environment and hide from predators, these crabs seem have taken opposite approach and gone as colorful as possible. As you walk through Manuel Antionio National Park or kayak in Mangroves, you will see hundreds of these crabs. When I asked guide why they are so brightly colored, I was told that the crabs have poor vision and bright colors is how they see each other. According to this article, these crabs are also ecosystem engineers and create habitats with deep dug borrows. “These burrows then serve as homes for a host of other creatures after the crab has moved on or become something’s dinner. They also participate in the nutrient cycle. They eat seeds, seedlings, and leaf matter, which they carry down to their burrows returning nutrients to the soil. Their diet affects their environment in another way. The seeds and seedlings that they decide to eat or not eat ultimately help to shape the plant populations in the areas where they live” (from https://guanacastewildlifemonitoring.com/)
White tailed deer- National Symbol of Costa Rica wildlife
One of the first animal we saw in Manuel Antonio National Park was a white-tailed deer and its baby and our guide spent 10 minutes talking about the animal. Living in Northeast and South of US, where these deer are everywhere and not so special and they usually they run into roads causing accidents. But sometimes, when you travel, you realize that your ordinary is someone’s extraordinary. In Costa Rica, these deer sightings are rare and it’s an accomplishment to see these animals. They are a protected species facing extinction and penalty for killing these animals is huge and our guide joking said that ” he would rather be caught selling drugs and other petty crimes than to kill this deer”. White tailed dee is declared national symbol, by President José María Figueres Olsen, on May 2nd, 1995.
We were able to see couple of different kinds of venomous snakes in Costa Rica. We saw the eyelash viper both in Mistico hanging bridges as well as in Rio Celste hike. One of the most prominent features of the eyelash viper is its scales, which are responsible for its rough and bumpy appearance, providing a unique texture to its skin. The color of the snake usually shades of green or yellow and it seamlessly blends into its surrounding. Both times, the guides were able to spot them, but we struggled spot them even after we knew they were there. The name of these snakes comes from extensions of scales above the eyes resemble eyelashes.
Fer-de-lance – Another venomous snake we saw in Manuel Antonio ( scientifically known as Bothrops asper). Fer-de-lance means “spearhead” in French, this venomous pit viper is known for its triangular-shaped head and deadly venom and are masters of camouflage. Again, even after the guide pointed out, it took us a little while see this snake. On the flip side, the coral snake we saw on our hike to Rio Celeste is as bright as possible.
We were able to see several types of birds both in La Fortuna and in Manuel Antonio. Humming birds and Toucans were abundant in Chachagua Nature resort that we stayed in La Fortuna. We saw couple of Scarlet Macaws in Manuel Antonio but weren’t able to capture their photo. One of the crown jewels of Costa Rican bird is the Quetzal, we didn’t get to see it, but we will see them in our next trip to Costa Rica.
Flowers of Costa Rica
Just like the birds, Costa Rica has abundant flowers of various colors and sizes including a variety of Orchids, Birds of Paradise, False Bird Paradise (Heliconia), and ornamental bananas. One of the most beautiful and best smelling flower/ plant I saw is the shampoo ginger which smells like ginger and is used for making shampoos as well as Ilan-Ilan that smelled like Channel No. 5 perfume.
Shampoo Ginger Ilan-Ilan
Colorful carts of Costa Rica
When you travel in Costa Rica, you will see these bright colored carts displayed in parks, hotels, and miniature versions in gift and souvenir shops. These bright colored and intricate patterned carts are unique to Costa Rica and were essential to Costa Rica’s growth, enabling the transport of coffee from the mountains to the coasts for export. Costa Ricans improved the cart design using a solid construction based on Aztec wheels that helped them to get through unique landscape of Costa Rica. In 2005, UNESCO inscribed Costa Rican oxcarts onto its list of intangible cultural heritage, and these carts the country’s official symbol of labor.
Even though Ox Carts are no longer used in Costa Rica for transportation, instead of fading away, ox cart become a symbol of Costa Rica and a testament to the old way of doing things. The painted carts were symbol of economic status in their time and craftsman that made the carts started painting bright colors and intricate designs that included flowers, stars, faces, landscapes. Each town/area developed its own unique designs. Also, carts were added with bells and whistles, so each cart played a signature song whenever it moved. Today, Sarchí a small town near San Jose (a good stop on the way from La Fortuna to Manuel Antonio), is only place left that produces these colorful, hand-painted works of art. Eloy Alfaro, who founded the factory in 1923 in Sarchí and is operational till today and you can visit and see the factory in operation. (https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/colorful-oxcarts-costa-rica)
Costa Rican Rainforest mask or Boruca Masks
Boruca Mask
One of my regrets after visiting Costa Rica is not buying one of these colorful masks made by Boruca community. The origin of these masks’ dates back to 500 years during the Spanish conquest of Costa Rica. These masks were created by Borucan indigenous people with the intent to scare the unwelcome Spinrads. These diablito masks or little devil masks were created as homage to the animal spirts that guided the tribe to successfully fight Spinrads. Usually carved in a single piece of Cedar or balsa wood, these intricate masks are carved and painted to represent the spirits, fierce animals, devils, and also images of the local flora and fauna. The carvers use a technique called relief carving that creates three dimensional images with unbelievable depth. There are 3 different kinds of mask – the ‘diablito’ or ‘devil’ mask are the traditional masks used for ceremonial purpose, ‘ecologica’, featuring animals and plants of the rainforest such as Toucan or sloth and are considered more modern and ‘combinados’, are the combination of both the ‘diablitos’ and the ‘ecologica’, as they represent the blending of the traditional and contemporary styles. (Check out here for more information). These masks can be bought in gift shops and other artisanal stores (not sure how authentic), but the authentic ones can be bought directly by Boruca Community or from this place in San Jose. The tradition and history behind these masks are amazing.
Most common ones we saw are the white-faced cappuccino monkeys and our guide called them mafia monkey as they roam in groups and steal food and other items from people. These monkeys are aggressive and not afraid of people. Parador nature resort had a bunch of them that would hang out by the pool and come near rooms and take anything they can. People staying next to us had left their backpack out in the night, and these monkeys tore it open, and took the chips bag and opened a Tupper ware container and ate whatever was in it.
Mayhem caused by MonkeysWhite faced monkey
Howler monkeys
More than seeing these monkeys, you can’t escape their howl which sounds like a roar. We saw few these monkeys in Manuel Antonio but heard them pretty much every morning in the hotel. when we were at Manuel Antonio park it started raining, we heard bunch of angry howler monkeys and were told by the guide that they hate rain which led to teenager asking, ” then why do they live in rainforest where it rains everyday?”
Spider monkeys
We were lucky to see a family of spider monkeys hanging around in Mistico Hanging bridges and gave us show from jumping from tree to tree and showing off their agility. Our guide was able to hear these monkeys before spotting them as they make lot of noise on the tree branches, and it is good practice to pay attention to sounds as you go through rain forests as it is much better way to spot different animals. After 9 days in Costa Rica, I got better at spotting monkeys by paying attention to twigs breaking, rustling leaves and branches. Spider monkeys are one of the most agile species in Costa Rica and their name comes from the disproportionately long limbs and a long tail. We were able to take some good videos of these monkeys (Watch it full screen or pic-in-pic to see the whole video)
Spider Monkey
Squirrel monkeys
These are only type of monkeys we didn’t see in Costa Rica even though our hotel in Manuel Antonio and the national park had these monkeys but unlike the white-faced monkeys they weren’t roaming around in groups when we were there. These monkeys have very distinct type black facial mask and red-backed fur and pretty small compared to other monkeys found in Costa Rica.
Monkeys and Green rope way – One of things I noticed in the Manuel Antonio area and in the Parador hotel was the green ropes/bridges hanging from tree to tree. These are constructed for sloths and monkeys cross from tree to tree and to buildings without coming down to the road thus avoiding potential threats from cars, dogs, and other predators. Its quite neat to see and I caught a Cappachino money using one in the hotel
Monkey on Sky bridge
Best places to see monkeys in Costa Rica
Manuel Antonio National Park– This is park where you are guaranteed to see both monkeys and sloths. All four species are supposed to live this National park and we were able to see Howler and White-faced monkeys here. The Parador nature hotel in Manuel Antonio has abundance of these monkeys in their grounds and roam around the hotel. One of the guests was even able to see squirrel money in this hotel during our stay when it jumped on the balcony to get food as they were eating their lunch.
Corcovado National Park This is another national park best suited to see all 4 species of monkeys and 2 species of sloth. Hiring a guide would improve the experience.
Arenal volcano and mistico hanging bridges – We were able to see both spider monkeys and howler monkeys here.
Peaks to Palaces 